Flag description:
The Croatia flag was officially adopted on December 22, 1991.
The red, white and blue are traditional Croatian colors. The centered coat of arms was first used during World War II. The shields are from the arms of five of Croatia's regions, including Croatia, Dubrovnik, Dalmatia, Istria and Slavonia (left to right). The red and white checks are Croatian symbols.
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The lands that today comprise Croatia were part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire until the close of World War I. In 1918, the Croats, Serbs, and Slovenes formed a kingdom known after 1929 as Yugoslavia. Following World War II, Yugoslavia became a federal independent Communist state under the strong hand of Marshal TITO. Although Croatia declared its independence from Yugoslavia in 1991, it took four years of sporadic, but often bitter, fighting before occupying Serb armies were mostly cleared from Croatian lands. Under UN supervision, the last Serb-held enclave in eastern Slavonia was returned to Croatia in 1998. In January 2008, Croatia assumed a nonpermanent seat on the UN Security Council for the 2008-09 term, and in April 2009 it joined NATO. Croatia is a candidate for eventual EU accession.
Population:
4,489,409 (July 2009 est.)
Languages: Croatian 96.1%, Serbian 1%, other and undesignated 2.9% (including Italian, Hungarian, Czech, Slovak, and German) (2001 census)
Government type:
presidential/parliamentary democracy
Capital:
Zagreb
Independence:
25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia)
Currency (code):
kuna (HRK)
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